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  About site: http://www.numberspiral.com/

Title: Math/Number Theory/Prime Numbers - Number Spiral Explains this method of visually representing the distribution of primes and the relationships between factors and products.
On-Line_Encyclopedia_of_Integer_Sequences_(OEIS)__Primes Index to information about many integer sequences involving primes. Site includes numerous other prime-related sequences.

Patterns_in_Primes Examples of mostly digit patterns collected by Harvey Heinz.

Primality Introductory text on the theory of prime numbers and number fields. Contains proofs of some important theorems including the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. [PDF]

Primality_Testing_with_Fermat\'s_Little_Theorem Test numbers for primality and pseudoprimality in Java.

Prime_k-tuplets Tony Forbes' extensive collection of special types of prime clusters.

The_Prime_Machine Explore interactively the Goldbach conjecture, the distribution of prime twins, the prime number theorem.


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NumberSpiral.com - Home NumberSpiral.com Home Download Contact Links Next page   CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Product curves 3. Offset curves4. Factors on product curves 5. Quadratic functions 6. Composite offset curves7. Primes 8. Factor curves 9. Formulas 10. Glossary   1.  Introduction Number spirals are very simple. To make one, we just write the non-negative integers on a ribbon and roll it up with zero at the center. The trick is to arrange the spiral so all the perfect squares (1, 4, 9, 16, etc.) line up in a row on the right side: Number wheel, figure 1 Figure 1 If we continue winding for a while and zoom out a bit, the result looks like this: Number wheel, figure 1 Figure 2   Vortex You can download the program used to make graphics for this website for free. Click here for details.   If we zoom out even further and remove everything except the dots that indicate the locations of integers, we get the next illustration. It shows 2026 dots:     Number wheel, figure 2     Vortex To zoom out with Vortex, use the mouse wheel or PgUp and PgDn keys. Figure 3     Let's try making the primes darker than the non-primes: Number wheel, figure 2 Figure 4     The primes seem to cluster along certain curves. Let's zoom out even further to get a better look. The following number spiral shows all the primes that occur within the first 46,656 non-negative integers. (For clarity, non-primes have been left out.)   Number wheel, figure 2   Details Numbers on the marked curve are of the form x2 + x + 41, the famous prime-generating formula discovered by Euler in 1772. Figure 5     It looks as though primes tend to concentrate in certain curves that swoop away to the northwest and southwest, like the curve marked by the blue arrow. On the next few pages of this website, we'll investigate these patterns and try to make sense out of them.     Details Each non-negative real number n has polar coordinates where theta is the angle measured in rotations, not radians or degrees. One rotation equals 360 degrees. Unless otherwise noted, all angles on this website are measured in rotations. The reason for this will become clear as we go on. For more information about the formulas used to generate graphics on this website, see formulas.   1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  Next Copyright © 2003, 2007 Robert Sacks
 

Explains

this

method

of

visually

representing

the

distribution

of

primes

and

the

relationships

between

factors

and

products.

http://www.numberspiral.com/

Number Spiral 2008 November

dvd rental

dvd


Explains this method of visually representing the distribution of primes and the relationships between factors and products.

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