About site: Chemistry/Elements/Hafnium - It's Elemental: Hafnium
Return to Science
  About site: http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele072.html

Title: Chemistry/Elements/Hafnium - It's Elemental: Hafnium Basic physical and historical information.
LANL__Hafnium History, properties, uses, and handling.

Lenntech__Hafnium Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects.

Visual_Elements__Hafnium General and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies.

WebElements__Hafnium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties.

Wikipedia__Hafnium Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.

Algebraic_K-theory,_Groups_and_Categories A report pursuant to the amalgamation in 1995 of two separate proposals for INTAS support in the areas of Algebraic K-theory, and Categorical Methods in Algebraic Homotopy and related topics. Period c


  Alexa statistic for http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele072.html





Get your Google PageRank






Please visit: http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele072.html


  Related sites for http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele072.html
    Algebraic_K-Theory,_Linear_Algebraic_Groups_and_Related_Structures TMR Network Project. Network Coordinator: Ulf Rehmann, Bielefeld
    Algebraic_Topology An encyclopedic reference containing definitions, some discussion, and an assortment of useful links to various resources concerning Algebraic Topology and K-Theory.
    Algebraic_Topology Encyclopedic reference for "Algebraic Topology" in Dave Rusin's Mathematical Atlas. Includes a brief history along with various links to textbooks, reference works, and tutorials on the subject.
    Algebraic_Topology_and_Concurrency A collection of preprints on the applications of Algebraic Topology to Computer Science, such as the use of topological techniques to formulate synchronous models of distributed computing.
    Algebraic_Topology_Discussion_List Includes information on subscribing, archives of past discussions, and links to home pages of algebraic topologists and other related resources.
    Algebraic_Topology_Textbook A complete, downloadable, introductory text on Algebraic Topology, by Prof. Allen Hatcher, Cornell Univ. 3rd Ed. 553 pp. with illustrations. Available in pdf and postscript versions.
    Algorithms_for_the_Fixed_Point_Property A survey of various algorithms used to determine if a given ordered set has the fixed point property, that is, whether it has a fixed point free order-preserving self-map. Algorithms using the metho
    British_Topology_Home_Page A usable collection of pointers to Topology-related sites, including archives and conference announcements. The focus is mainly on British and European resources, with some links and references to res
    Ext_Charts Charts for modules over the odd-primary Steenrod Algebra, by Christian Nassau. In Postscript.
    Five_talks_on_the_Poincaré_Conjecture Streaming video links to lectures by Prof. John Morgan on the famous Poincaré Conjecture filmed during a 5-day series on the topic held at Columbia University on Monday, October 13, through Friday, O
    Higher_Dimensional_Group_Theory This article by Prof. Ronald Brown discusses the advantageous application of groupoids to higher-dimensional Homotopy theory.
    Homology,_Homotopy_and_Applications_-_General_Information An all-electronic, peer-reviewed, international journal of leading-edge research in Homological and Homotopical Algebra, K-Theory, and applications.
    The_Hopf_Fibration Notes and images of the Hopf map from S3 to S2.
    Hopf_Topology_Archive A preprint archive of research papers on Algebraic Topology.
    An_Introduction_to_Algebraic_K-theory An incomplete graduate textbook in Algebraic K-Theory, by Charles Weibel. Several chapters are available online.
    K-theory Encyclopedic reference for "K-Theory" in Dave Rusin's Mathematical Atlas. Includes a brief history along with various links to textbooks, reference works, and tutorials on the subject.
    K-theory_Calendar A calendar of upcoming and past events (workshops, colloquia, lectures) pertaining to K-Theory and its applications.
    K-theory_Preprint_Archives An extensive archive of pre-publication papers (preprints) on Algebraic K-Theory.
    Math_Front__AT_Algebraic_Topology An archive of pre-publication papers (preprints) on Algebraic Topology.
    MathWorld Index to more than 100 articles on Algebraic Topology.
    Novikov_Conjecture_Home_Page An archive of developments concerning the Novikov Conjecture and related problems in Algebraic Topology, General Topology, Geometry, Algebra, and Analysis. Maintained by Jonathan Rosenberg.
    Open_Problems_in_Algebraic_Topology Problems in Algebraic Topology, compiled by mathematician Mark Hovey of Wesleyan University.
    Poincaré_Conjecture_--_from_MathWorld A widely accessible statement of the Poincaré Conjecture and its implications, with various links and references for further inquiry.
    Surgery_Bits_and_Pieces Assorted articles and minutia concerning Algebraic Surgery, assembled by Andrew Ranicki.
    Table_of_the_Homotopy_Groups_of_Spheres From Toda's book: "Composition Methods in Homotopy Groups of Spheres."
    What_is_Algebraic_Topology? Introductory essay by Joe Neisendorfer, University of Rochester.
    Additions_to_SnapPea With related tables, by Nathan Dunfield.
    CompuTop_Software_Archive Computational low-dimensional topology collected by Nathan Dunfield.
    Geomview Interactive 3D viewing program for Unix. Free under GPL.
    The_Kenzo_Program A computer program for computational algebraic topology.
    Liverpool_University_Knot_Theory_Group_Programs_and_Procedures Four programs, each calculating some invariant from a closed braid presentation. Free to download. Pascal.
    MING Computes the MD energy of a polygonal knot. Available via ftp.
    OPTi Macintosh freeware which visualizes quasi-conformal deformations of the once-punctured-torus groups. It interactively draws the isometric circles, the Ford region, and the limit set.
    Simplicial_Homology A proposed GAP share package. May be tried online.
    SNAP Exact computation of hyperbolic 3-manifolds and their arithmetic invariants. Written by O. Goodman in an ARC-funded project of Hodgson and Neumann.
    SnapPea A program for creating and studying hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Free source available in C.
    SnapPea_PC SnapPea for Windows 95/98/NT by A.C. Manoharan.
    Alfréd_Rényi_Institute_of_Mathematics Set Theoretic and General Topology research group members.
    Analytic_Topology_Research_Group Provides member profiles, current topics, and contact details. Oxford, United Kingdom.
    (Belgium)_K_U__Leuven,_Kortrijk_Campus Algebra and Topology Research Group.
This is now2007.com cache of m/ as retrieved on 2008.12.01 now2007.com's cache is the snapshot that we took of the page as we crawled the web. The page may have changed since that time.
It's Elemental - The Element HafniumPrivacy and Security NoticeJefferson LabJefferson Lab HomeSearchContact JLabScience Education----------------------Science Education HomeTeacher ResourcesStudent ZoneGames and PuzzlesPrograms and EventsSearch EducationIt's ElementalPrevious ElementPrevious ElementTable of ElementsNext ElementNext Element 72HfHafnium178.49HafniumAtomic Number:72Atomic Weight:178.49Melting Point:2506 K (2233°C or 4051°F)Boiling Point:4876 K (4603°C or 8317°F)Density:13.3 grams per cubic centimeterPhase at Room Temperature:SolidElement Classification:MetalPeriod Number:6Group Number:4Group Name:noneWhat's in a name?From the Latin word for the city of Copenhagen, Hafnia.Say what?Hafnium is pronounced as HAF-ni-em.History and Uses:Hafnium was discovered by Dirk Coster, a Danish chemist, and Charles de Hevesy, a Hungarian chemist, in 1923. They used a method known as X-ray spectroscopy to study the arrangement of the outer electrons of atoms in samples of zirconium ore. The electron structure of hafnium had been predicted by Niels Bohr and Coster and Hevesy found a pattern that matched. Hafnium is difficult to separate from zirconium and is present in all of its ores. It is obtained with the same methods used to extract zirconium.Hafnium is a good absorber of neutrons and is used in the control rods of nuclear reactors. Hafnium is also used in vacuum tubes as a getter, a material that combines with and removes trace gases from vacuum tubes. Hafnium has been used as an alloying agent in iron, titanium, niobium and other metals.Melting near 3890°C, hafnium carbide (HfC) has the highest melting point of any known two-element compound. Hafnium nitride (HfN) also has a high melting point, around 3305°C. Other hafnium compounds include: hafnium chloride (HfCl4), hafnium fluoride (HfF4) and hafnium oxide (HfO2).Estimated Crustal Abundance:3.0 milligrams per kilogramEstimated Oceanic Abundance:7×10-6 milligrams per literNumber of Stable Isotopes:5(View all isotope data)Ionization Energy:6.825 eVOxidation State:+4Electron Shell Configuration:1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d104f145s25p65d26s2This page is maintained by Steve Gagnon.Citation and linking information
 

Basic

physical

and

historical

information.

http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele072.html

It's Elemental: Hafnium 2008 December

dvd rental

dvd


Basic physical and historical information.

Rules




© 2005 Internet Explorer 5+ or Netscape 6+

Recommended Sites: 1. Arts - Business - Computers - Games - Health - Home - Kids and Teens - News - Recreation - Reference - Regional - Science - Shopping - Society - Sports - World Miss Gallery - Top Anime Hentai - DVD rental by mail - Mortgage Calculator - Mortgages - Loans - Web Directory - Credit Cards
2008-12-01 09:01:20

Copyright 2005, 2006 by Webmaster
Websites is cool :)