COLD FUSION TIMES
COLD
FUSION TIMES
"The journal of the scientific aspects of loading isotopic fuels
into materials
and the science and engineering the lattice-assisted nuclear
reactions"
ISSN# 1072-2874
COLD FUSION TIMES
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Welcome to the COLD FUSION
TIMES
Your Cold Fusion Science and
Technology Web Site
The
Science and Engineering of
Lattice
Assisted Nuclear Reactions (LANR)
The Latest, Uncensored on
Cold Fusion, Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions, Solid State Nuclear and
Associated Technologies
Highlights of the 14th
International Cold Fusion Conference
August 10-15, 2008 Hyatt Regency Hotel
Capital Hill
(Washington, DC) - 180 attendees
of ICCF-14 gathered week-long to discuss, develop, and understand their
research. Despite meandering blockades, plasterboard, and a slow
elevator, the spirit of the researchers forged ahead. From Llewellyn
King, who identified the forces against clean abundant nuclear energy to
the final day on no-helium-4 tranation, led by Prof. George Miley,
the program of nearly a hundred lectures, keynotes, posters, and discussion
led to a highly informed, and scientifically robust group.
ICCF-14
14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
International
Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
International
Conference on Cold Fusion
Washington, D.C., USA,
2008
YOU-TUBE on Cold Fusion
(aka.LANR, CMNS, LENR)
2007 Cold Fusion
Colloquium at MIT
(High Energy Lattice
Assisted Nuclear Reactions)
"Real Cold Fusion"
(JL Naudin)
Ed
Storms Explains His Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Results
The
War Against Cold Fusion
CFRL
English News No. 70
Cold Fusion Research Laboratory (Japan) by Dr. Hideo Kozima
*** Soon returning to Print
Edition, too
to Report on Important Updates
in, and to,
the Lattice-Assisted Nuclear
Reaction Community****
Cold Fusion (LANR) will yield
the cleanest, most efficient,
energy source the world has ever
known.
====> Think about it, the next time you fill your gas tank.
Local
Fission Hole
"Energy: What is small enough to be hauled on a truck, has the power
to provide electricity to 45,000 homes, can help the U.S. cut its dependence
on foreign oil and has no emissions? ....Next week, the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission will rule on an application from NuScale Power, an Oregon-based
startup that is seeking federal clearance to move ahead with its project
to build mini or portable nuclear reactors....Mini nuclear power plants,
from end to end, would be no more than 65 feet long ......The U.S. has
not seen a nuclear plant of any size come online since the Watts Bar facility
in Tennessee went into production in 1996. While France gets more than
75% of its electricity from nuclear power, the U.S. has been stuck at the
20% level for years."
Lectures of Nobel Laureates
Online
Dr. Brian Josephson discusses LANR (LENR)
Physics
Prof. Dr. Donald A. Glaser, Prof. Dr. Nicolaas Bloembergen, Prof. Dr. Roy
J. Glauber, Prof. Dr. Douglas D. Osheroff, Prof. Dr. Brian D. Josephson,
Prof. Dr. Gerardus ´t Hooft
U of Cambridge
Site
http://www.lindau-nobel.de/LecturesOnline.AxCMS?ActiveID=1173
ISSHINBO
CREATES PLATINUM-FREE
CARBON
CATALYST FOR FUEL CELLS
TOKYO, Jul 14, 2008 - Nisshinbo Industries Inc.
(TSE:3105) has worked with the Tokyo Institute of Technology to develop
the technology to use carbon instead of expensive platinum as the electrode
catalyst for fuel cells.
The company hopes to have a practical version
of the new catalyst ready in fiscal 2009, and will start by commercializing
a product for the electrodes of residential fuel cells. .... Platinum is
now used as the catalyst, but high demand and unstable supplies from main
producer South Africa have driven prices sky-high. A 1kw-class residential
fuel cell uses several grams of platinum and a 150kw-class automotive fuel
cell uses around 60 grams, which at current prices adds 400,000 yen (US$3,762)
to the cost of a car..... The new catalyst is made from nanospheres of
carbon. For practical purposes as a fuel cell catalyst, 10 times more carbon
is required than platinum; but even in this larger volume, the cost is
just a 10th that of using platinum.
Super
Atoms Turn Periodic Table Upside Down
ScienceDaily (July 2, 2008) — Researchers at Delft University of Technology
(TU Delft) in The Netherlands have developed a technique for generating
atom clusters made from silver and other metals. Surprisingly enough, these
so-called super atoms (clusters of 13 silver atoms, for example) behave
in the same way as individual atoms and have opened up a whole new branch
of chemistry. If a silver thread is heated to around 900 degrees
Celsius, it will generate vapour made up of silver atoms. The floating
atoms stick to each other in groups.
'The chemical properties of the super atoms that have been identified
up until now are very similar to those of elements in the periodic table,
because their outer layers are much the same. However, we may yet discover
super atoms with a different outer layer, giving us another set of completely
new properties.'
Time
to defreeze? (cold fusion)
Jayalakshmi K
Deccan Herald - As the world grapples with the energy
crisis, a group of maverick scientists working on the fringes of accepted
science has yet again come up with tantalising results. Last month in Japan,
Yoshiaki Arata, a highly respected physicist in Japan and recipient of
Japan's highest award, the Emperor's Prize, demonstrated the production
of continuous excess heat from a simple experiment. .... Using sample
powders of zirconium oxide and palladium subjected to deuterium gas in
a electrolysis cell, they were able to show generation of continuous heat
along with helium. .... Arata used pressure to force deuterium gas into
an evacuated cell that contained a palladium and zirconium oxide mix. By
using powdered palladium, he increased the surface absorption area for
deuterium. The excess heat generated by the fusion reaction kept the center
of the cell warm for 50 hours.
Cold
Fusion Oral History to be Housed at the U of U
The University of Utah's J. Willard Marriott Library
will be the repository for New Energy Foundation's Cold Fusion Oral History
Collection upon its completion.
“This arrangement brings to fruition the hopes
that the New Energy Foundation and I had at the beginning of the project,
to have the benefit of the University of Utah’s expertise and capabilities,”
stated Project Director Marianne Macy.
New Energy Foundation General Manager Christy
Frazier noted, "We believe it is of important historic value that the University
of Utah will become the repository for this Collection, and we are also
excited about the fact that it will be completed around the 20th anniversary
date. Most in this field have been working diligently, with great results,
for these 20 years, and it is extremely important that their life's work
and contribution to science be recorded for posterity."
The non-profit New Energy Foundation was founded
by the late Dr. Eugene Mallove, who, until his murder in May 2004, was
a leading proponent for new energy/new science. For more information about
the New Energy Foundation Cold Fusion Oral History Collection, please contact
the New Energy Foundation at (603) 485-4700, or staff@infinite-energy.com.
Is
there a third route to produce nuclear energy?
M. Srinivasan, Former Scientist, BARC
India - Occurrence of nuclear reactions at room temperatures has been
confirmed. ... The phenomenon, once known as cold fusion, but now more
accurately regarded as low energy nuclear reactions, represents a significant
paradigm shift in our understanding of nuclear phenomena. It is unfortunate
that CF got embroiled in a worldwide controversy. And that is because according
to our current understanding of nuclear physics the kind of low energy
nuclear reactions apparently occurring in cold fusion devices cannot and
should not happen.Are we to believe the new experimental findings and change
our theories or are we going to cling to our age old concepts and refuse
to face facts? This is the dilemma facing nuclear physicists the world
over. Immense resistance to accepting a paradigm shift is common to science.
History is replete with such instances. The experiments show that when
deuterium (or at times even hydrogen) atoms are inserted (or loaded) inside
a metal such as palladium, titanium, nickel etc, occupying interstitial
lattice positions in sufficiently large numbers (we call it “high loading
ratios”) and if the right ‘Nuclear Active Environment’ is created, a variety
of nuclear reactions are found to occur involving not only the deuterium
nuclei but also the host metal atoms. In this process ‘excess energy’ is
often found to be produced and in some cases nuclear particles such as
neutrons, X-rays or even charged particles are released. But increasingly
it has been observed that new ‘tranation’ elements not present prior
to the commencement of the experiments have been detected. The occurrence
of such nuclear reactions at ‘room’ temperatures has been confirmed in
diverse experimental conditions and configurations such as electrolysis
experiments, glow discharge devices and even simple gas loading configurations.
ICCF-14
14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
International
Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
International
Conference on Cold Fusion
Washington, D.C., USA,
2008
The 14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
(ICCF-14) will be held from the 10th through the 15th of August 2008 at
the Hyatt Regency Hotel on Capitol Hill in Washington DC. The purpose of
this scientific conference is to present and discuss new results on low
energy nuclear reactions (LENR), which originally went by the name "cold
fusion." The production of unexpectedly large amounts of excess heat in
metals heavily loaded with hydrogen is also called the Fleischmann-Pons
Effect.
LENR have been studied by hundreds of scientists globally since the
field began in 1989. At this time, the experimental evidence for the existence
of LENR is strong. Further, many of the characteristics of LENR are already
known. Measurement techniques and results obtained with them have been
published in over 1,000 scientific papers. The mechanisms for such reactions
are not yet understood theoretically. Nevertheless, the empirical information
shows that LENR produce energy with harmless helium as the primary by-product.
In most experiments, there is neither significant immediate radiation nor
residual radioactivity. Several start-up companies and other organizations
are working on the science of LENR. The emerging results might provide
the basis for green energy sources with many applications, such as desalination.
Information and papers on Lattice Assisted Nuclear reactions (aka LENR)
can be found at:
http://world.std.com/~mica/cftsci.html
http://www.infinite-energy.com
http://www.lenr-canr.org
Cold-fusion
demonstration "a success"
Physicsworld.com Blog
"On 23 March 1989 Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton,
UK, and Stanley Pons of the University of Utah, US, announced that they
had observed controlled nuclear fusion in a glass jar at room temperature,
and — for around a month — the world was under the impression that the
world's energy woes had been remedied. But, even as other groups claimed
to repeat the pair's results, sceptical reports began trickle in. An editorial
in Nature predicted cold fusion to be unfounded. ... This hasn't prevented
a handful of scientists persevering with cold-fusion research. They stand
on the sidelines, diligently getting on with their experiments and, every
so often, they wave their arms frantically when they think have made some
progress.... Essentially Arata, together with his co-researcher Yue-Chang
Zhang, uses pressure to force deuterium (D) gas into an evacuated cell
containing a sample of palladium dispersed in zirconium oxide (ZrO2–Pd).
He claims the deuterium is absorbed by the sample in large amounts — producing
what he calls dense or "pynco" deuterium — so that the deuterium nuclei
become close enough together to fuse."
REPORT
ON THE COLD FUSION SESSION
AT
APS MARCH MEETING
March 10, 2008 / Morial Convention Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
Evan Ragland
"It has been over a decade since Dr. Scott Chubb (a technical editor
of Infinite Energy) first arranged to include a cold fusion session at
the APS March Meeting. ...r. Melvin Miles opened the 2008 session with
a report on replication of heat results obtained initially by Energetics
in Israel. This work by Dr. Michael McKubre, Dr. Francis Tanzella, and
Dr. Vittorio Violante was based on independent experiments performed at
SRI and ENEA. Initial studies at ENEA and the University of Rome guided
experiments evaluating a novel cathode current stimulus developed by Energetics
in Israel. McKubre, Miles, Violante, and Tanzella are world class scientists.
This paper, “The Significance of Replication,” is landmark science.
...Professor George Miley (University of Illinois) presented a review
of “Evidence and Theory for Cluster Reactions in LENRs” (by Miley, Hora,
Lipson, and Shrestha). ... Lawrence Forsley (spoke) on “Comparison of SPAWAR
Co-Deposition Experimental Data and Competing Condensed Matter Nuclear
Science Theories.” Co-author Dr. Pamela Mosier-Boss was not present. The
paper is based on the SPAWAR co-deposition technique developed by Drs.
Stan Szpak and Mosier-Boss and competing theories postulated to explain
condensed matter nuclear science. Forsley’s presentation was eloquent and
although conflict resolution is connoted, specific solutions are not suggested.
This is understandable, as recent experimental research involves CR-39
detection requiring experienced care and judgment skills. Co-deposition
has been successfully replicated by others experimentally. The ground is
moving under this technology.
Forsley also presented a talk on “Multiple Etching of CR-39 Nuclear
Track Detectors Used in SPAWAR Co-Dep Experiment.” This paper too was prepared
in conjunction with Mosier-Boss. CR-39 tracking of radiation, while inexpensive,
requires extensive experience and judgment. This is investigative research.
Forsley spoke to methods, computer assistance, and other interpretive techniques.
CR-39 research interpretation progress significantly has spread to other
experimental laboratories.
John Dash presented on “Effects of Applied Magnetic Fields on Aqueous
Electrolysis” (Dash et al.). This report builds on USN Technical Report
1862 by Dr. Frank Gordon and edited by Drs. S. Szpak and P.A. Mosier-Boss.
John Dash gave an impressive oral and video presentation. In the video
presentation an electrolysis cell was placed between the magnetic poles
of an electromagnet so the magnetic field was normal to the electric field
of electrolysis. A spiral turbulence was obvious and was demonstrated to
increase both with increases in magnetic field and electrolysis. This method
of investigative research can provide vital visual evidence of surface
topography and reaction effects.
More here
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JET
Thermal Products is Developing
Lattice
Assisted Nuclear Reactions (LANR),
Derived
from Cold Fusion
JET has pioneered contributions in the development of the evolving landscape
of cold fusion and its utilization, by developing a continuum electrophysics
model which has led to the quasi-1-dimensional model of isotope loading
of a metal, and then to codeposition, the optimal operating point, Phusor
technology, control of "heat after death", among other directions.
JET Thermal Products:
PHUSOR™ Electrode
Metamaterial Technology
PHUSOR™ Electrode
PHOTOGRAPH OF PHUSOR CATHODE SHOWS ASYMMETRIC ELECTROLYSIS OF
A DIFFERENT TYPE OF COLD FUSION SYSTEM
(c) Dr. M. Swartz, JET Energy, Inc., JET Thermal Products
Asymmetric Electrolysis (above)
PESWiki
The community-built resource that focuses on alternative, clean, practical,
renewable energy solutions.
New Energy Now™ (http://pesn.com/Radio/Free_Energy_Now/) (PESWiki
Page) - Monday; 12:00 - 1:00 pm Pacific. WEEKLY one-hour show with host
Sterling D. Allan; goes in-depth into various cutting-edge, clean energy
technologies.
Archives
* http://www.podshow.com/shows/?show_id=1049&mode=current
- publicly accessible
* http://www.bbsradio.com/archives/free_energy_now.php
(login required)
International
Society for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science
Ardet nec consumitur
Mission To promote the understanding, development and application of Condensed
Matter Nuclear Science for the benefit of the public. ISCMNS achieves it
mission by organizing scientific meetings, facilitating communication and
collaboration between scientists, publishing and distributing results.
August
2007 Colloquium on
Lattice-Assisted
Nuclear Reactions in Deuterated Metals
Scott Chubb and Christy Frazier
Excerpts from Issue 75; Sept/Oct 2007; Infinite Energy Magazine - More
in that issue
The 2007 Colloquium on Lattice-Assisted Nuclear Reactions in Deuterated
Metals was held on August 18, 2007 in Room 34-101 at MIT in Cambridge,
Massachusetts. The event was organized by MIT Prof. Peter Hagelstein, Dr.
Mitchell Swartz, Gayle Verner, and others from JET Energy Advanced Systems
and Concepts, and conducted with the MIT Electrical Engineering Energy
Production and Conversion Group, and jointly sponsored by JET, Cold Fusion
Times, and the New Energy Foundation. Helping throughout the day were Jeff
Driscoll and representatives from aljan Multimedia (Alan Weinberg, Al Signore,
Sarah Lavallee, and Joe Lavallee). The jam-packed day began with an hour-long
meet and greet coffee and continental breakfast session at 8:00 a.m., giving
attendees a great chance to catch up with old friends, researchers, and
presenters before the intensive program began..... Dr. Scott Chubb gave
a brief overview of the events at the recent (June 2007) ICCF13 conference,
held in Russia. ... Prof. Peter Hagelstein presented a “Review of Experimental
Findings Involving Deuterated Metals.” "Dr. Larry Forsley presented on
“Gamma Emissions from CR39 Films Near Codeposited Deuterated Palladium.
Dr. Ludwik Kowalski and Rick Cantwell also presented on the topic. Dr.
Forsley’s and Dr. Kowalski’s presentations related to work they presented
during the March 2007 meeting of the American Physical Society—replicating
effects that have been observed by Stan Szpak, Pamela Mosier-Boss, and
Frank Gordon. ... Dr. Mitchell Swartz then spoke on “Optimal Operating
Point Operation and Tardive Thermal Power in Deuterated Palladium” and
taught some of his methods of improved calibration, including how dual-ohmic
control (DOC) systems [which he first introduced at ICCF10 in the open
demonstration] can identify excess energy given off after driving electrical
input power is shut off, but calibrating for the calorimeter, too. ...
Dr. Brian Ahern presented his ball lightning-related work with Jeff Driscoll,
“Search for Magnetic Monopoles by High Energy Arc Explosion in Liquid Water.”
Ahern described a number of experiments that he performed involving extraordinary
effects that were related to experiments with highly non-linear forms of
electromagnetic interaction. .... Prof. Peter Hagelstein’s second
presentation was deeper theory, on “Phonon Theory Involving Deuterated
Metals.” He gave an overview of his idea that because of potential coherent
forms of coupling, involving vibrations (phonons) in an approximately ordered
lattice locally at a particular lattice site, deuterons can potentially
collide. ... Dr. Scott Chubb ended the session in the early evening
with his presentation, “Symmetry and Finite Size in the Quantum Electrodynamics
of Lattice-Assisted (d)-d Fusion.”
Excerpts above, full
story here
and here
2007 Cold Fusion Colloquium
on "Lattice-Assisted Nuclear
Reactions (LANR)
Cold-Fusion
Graybeards Keep the Research Coming
Mark Anderson
 
"CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts -- At an MIT lecture hall on Saturday, a convocation
of 50 researchers and investors gathered to discuss a phenomenon that allegedly
does not exist. ...Presenters at the MIT event estimated that 3,000
published studies from scientists around the world have contributed to
the growing canon of evidence suggesting that small but promising amounts
of energy can be generated using the infamous tabletop apparatus.
... Excess energy comes in bursts in these experiments," said Hagelstein.
"The effect has been observed in many other laboratories. It's also not
been observed in other laboratories, especially in the early days. ....
Hagelstein's co-host, physician and electrical engineer Mitchell Swartz,
reported his continued refinement of his own cold-fusion experiments, which
he publicly displayed in operation over seven days at MIT in 2003. We have
been running these (experiments) for so long," Swartz told the audience,
"that the question now is not just can we (generate) excess heat, it's
can we get a kilowatt? Can we get a small car moving on this stuff?"
Robert Weber, managing director of .. Strategy Kinetics, has
worked with startup technologies and says cold fusion is in a bind in the
United States today. Researchers need at least $50 to $100 million in seed
money ... "
Excerpts above, full
story here:
Wired Coverage of the MIT
"Cold Fusion" Conference
"I've been attending conferences on Cold Fusion (also called Low Energy
Nuclear Reactions and Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions) since the 10th
International Conference (ICCF10) held in Cambridge, MA in 2003.
....
From last weekend's presentations and conversations with several participants,
I believe that the LANR community has now identified the principal conditions
and operating parameters under which cold fusion reactions take place.
These conditions were either largely unknown to Pons and Fleischman or
they failed to communicate sufficient details in 1989 to enable easier
replication by others. LANR has been replicated now in many labs in many
countries.
....
If harnessed, Cold Fusion can be productized in any number of directions.
Product ideas include home water heaters, electric power generation, desalinization,
and transportation. The work done to date has largely been on the basic
underlying science. What's needed next are concerted efforts to do the
practical engineering work that leads to products. Such a multidisciplinary
effort would include engineers with backgrounds in solid state physics,
metallurgy, calorimetry and instrumentation, fabrication and manufacturing,
failure analysis, and quality control, among other disciplines."
Excerpts above, full story at Strategy
Kinetics
BlackLight's
promise: Cheap power from water
"For the first time in his company's 19 years of persistent trial and
error, Mills says he has a market-ready product: a fuel cell that produces
a chemical reaction to alter hydrogen atoms. The fuel cell releases heat
that turns water into steam, which drives electric turbines. The working
models in his lab generate 50 kilowatts of electricity - enough to power
six or seven houses. But these, Mills says, can be scaled to drive a large,
electric power plant. The inventor claims this electricity will cost less
than 2 cents per kilowatt-hour, which compares to a national average of
8.9 cents."
Discussion
forum
"Your Most Complete, Uncensored, Cold Fusion Scientific
and Engineering Resource"
"We coldly go where no one has gone before"
Cold
Fusion -- The Sun in a bottle
Alternative Science - Richard Milton
No other scientific endeavour has consumed so much talent, so much
cash and so many years of sustained effort as the race to harness the power
that makes the Sun shine. Billions of pounds, (and dollars, roubles and
yen), more than four decades of research and the careers of thousands of
physicists have been expended on the search for a nuclear reactor that
will generate limitless power from the fusion of hydrogen atoms. There
are grey-haired professors with lined faces still poring intently over
the equations they first looked at eagerly with bright young eyes in the
1940s and 1950s. They will go into retirement with their dreams of cheap,
safe power from fusion still years in the future. For the obstacles in
their paths are as formidable now as ever.
Fusion is the process taking place in the Sun's core where, at temperatures
of millions of degrees, hydrogen atoms are compressed together by elemental
forces to form helium and a massive outpouring of energy in the thermonuclear
reaction of the hydrogen bomb. It is not difficult, then, to imagine
how people who have invested their talent and their lives in the quest
to tame such forces are likely to react when told that fusion is possible
at room temperature, and in a jam jar.
The scientific world was astounded when, in March 1989, Professor Martin
Fleischmann of Southampton University and his former student, Professor
Stanley Pons of the University of Utah, held a press conference at which
they jointly announced the discovery of 'cold fusion' -- the production
of usable amounts of energy by what seemed to be a nuclear process occurring
in a jar of water at room temperature.
Fleischmann and Pons told an incredulous press conference that they
had passed an electric current through a pair of electrodes made of precious
metals -- one platinum, the other palladium -- immersed in a glass jar
of heavy water in which was dissolved some lithium salts. This very simple
set-up was claimed to produce heat energy between four and ten times greater
than the electrical energy they were putting in. No purely chemical reaction
could produce a result of such magnitude so, said the scientists, it must
be nuclear fusion.
The
return of nuclear fusion?
Prospect Magazine June 23, 2006 Fred Pearce
"Fusion research got going in the 1950s. The first fusion gypsies are
approaching retirement. But scientific progress has been slow and funding
sporadic. They have yet to see a watt of power delivered to any grid anywhere.
But earlier this year, after more than a decade in the doldrums, the gypsies
had their biggest boost, when governments representing most of the world's
population decided to invest $10bn in trying to make the dream come true.
This summer, the fusion gypsies are reassembling in the wooded hills of
Provence in southern France, where a new machine is to be built.
....
The moment seems right. As oil prices soar, as concern grows about global
warming, and as politicians balance the potential of conventional nuclear
power and renewables, there is a growing need for a new source of electricity
that combines the capacity of a nuclear power plant with the cleanness
and safety of a wind farm. Fusion could, eventually, be the answer. Even
fusion's most ardent supporters admit it will be several decades before
the technology becomes commercial. But if the physics comes to fruition,
it could be very big—just as the oil runs out and climate change accelerates.
In May, the governments of the EU, the US, China, India, Japan, Russia
and Korea initialled a treaty to build the International Thermonuclear
Experimental Reactor (ITER), the world's largest fusion machine, in a forest
at Cadarache in Provence. They will sign formally in November. Half of
the money will come from the EU. ITER will take a decade to build and will
then run for two further decades, performing tens of thousands of fusion
experiments. At the end of that time, say its backers, the world will know
once and for all if nuclear fusion has a viable future. Technically viable,
that is. The economics will come later."
COLD
FUSION UPDATES FROM INFINITE ENERGY MAGAZINE
Infinite
Energy Articles (pdf)
An
Afternoon to Remember: Cold Fusion Session of APS Meeting (March 16, 2006)
- Robert W. Bass
Exposing
the "Real Embarrassments" of Cold Fusion - Scott Chubb
Travel
Report for the 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear
Science (ICCF12)
The
2005 MIT Cold Fusion Colloquium, Honoring Eugene Mallove - Scott Chubb
Charge
Clusters: The work of Ken Shoulders - William Zebuhr
AMERICAN PAPERS and
WEB INFO ON COLD FUSION
[A partial introduction]
Introduction to Cold Fusion
Further Introduction including
Engineering and the Optimal Operating Point
Cold Fusion Science -
Introduction to Material science
Public Open-House
Cold Fusion Demonstration at MIT and ICCF10
Theoretical
physics paper on cold fusion - MIT Research Laboratory for Electronics
2003 (pdf)
Production
of helium in cold fusion - SRI 2000 (pdf)
U.S.
Navy Technical Report 2002 - A Decade of [Cold Fusion] Research
at US Navy Laboratories (pdf)
Cold
Fusion Physics and Philosophy - Journal of Accountability in Research,
2000 (pdf)
THE REAL DEAL: Cold
Fusion: A Heated History
September 30, 2005; repeated February
24, 2006
Bruce Gellerman continues his investigation into the future of fusion
with a look at the latest research in the field of cold fusion, the science
of creating a nuclear reaction at room temperature. Most scientists call
sustained cold fusion reactions impossible, but others say their experiments
are producing energy.
Transcript
"(Cold fusion) offers a chance to have the United States make the Kyoto
agreement moot, and make greenhouse warming moot."
MP3 [download and listen to
the radio show on the MIT 2005 CF Colloquium and Cold Fusion
Bruce Gellerman: "But reports of the death of cold fusion were
premature. The field was kept alive by a small community of researchers
who meet every 18 months or so. Critics call them a cult, but these true
believers are sustained by laboratory results they say prove cold fusion
can produce unlimited, safe, non-polluting energy. ..... History
can offer solace, of sorts, for cold fusion advocates. In 1905, Albert
Einstein came up with his revolutionary theory e=mc2, it laid the basis
for nuclear energy. But it wasn't until 27 years later, in 1932, that scientists
in the lab finally confirmed his theory. By that measure, cold fusion still
has time before it's fully recognized, or finally rejected, by the ultimate
arbiter in these matters: the scientific method."
"When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary
for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them
with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate
and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle
them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should
declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights,
that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to
secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their
just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of
government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people
to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its
foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as
to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence,
indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed
for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown
that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than
to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed.
But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the
same object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it
is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to
provide new guards for their future security. — Such has been the patient
sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains
them to alter their former systems of government. ....
We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America,
in General Congress, assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world
for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by the authority
of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare, that
these united colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent
states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown,
and that all political connection between them and the state of Great Britain,
is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as free and independent
states, they have full power to levey war, conclude peace, contract alliances,
establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent
states may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a
firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge
to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor.
[The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America]
President Ronald Reagan:
"Freedom is never more than one generation away from
extinction.
We didn't pass it to our children in the bloodstream.
It must be fought for, protected, and handed on for
them to do the same,
or one day we will spend our sunset years telling
our children
and our children's children what it was once like
in the United States
where men were free."
Purdue's review panel
completes review of Taleyarkhan
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. A Purdue University examination committee
reviewing issues
concerning research on the use of sound waves to create nuclear fusion
reactions has completed its work.
"The committee has submitted a report, and I will take appropriate action
after studying the recommendations," said Charles O. Rutledge, vice president
for research, who appointed the committee in March.
Rutledge appointed the examination committee after the British research
journal Nature reported on its Web site that some researchers had raised
questions about the research of Rusi Taleyarkhan, a Purdue professor of
nuclear engineering.
{Ed. These were competitors and a graduate student}
Since joining the Purdue faculty in 2004 and previously at the Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Taleyarkhan has published research findings in several
refereed journals showing evidence that "sonofusion" generates nuclear
reactions by creating tiny bubbles that implode with tremendous force.
Experimental nuclear fusion reactors have historically required large,
multibillion-dollar machines, but sonofusion devices might be built for
a fraction of the cost and theoretically could be an unlimited source of
clean energy.
Taleyarkhan first reported observing the bubble fusion effect in March
2002 in the journal Science. In addition to its potential as a new source
of clean energy, Taleyarkhan and other researchers believe sonofusion could
be used in a wide range of applications from homeland security to the study
of neutron stars and black holes.
June 21, 2006
was the Birthday of the ratification of the US Constitution, which is STILL
ignored by the US Patent Office in its "War on America" as a group within
continues to destroy and muzzle all Yankee Ingenuity in the fields of cold
fusion, alternative energy, and even room temperature superconductivity
June 21, 1788 - U.S. Constitution ratified 
New Hampshire becomes the ninth and last necessary state to ratify
the Constitution of the United States, thereby making the document the
law of the land. By 1786, defects in the post-Revolutionary War Articles
of Confederation were apparent, such as the lack of central authority over
foreign and domestic commerce. Congress endorsed a plan to draft a new
constitution, and on May 25, 1787, the Constitutional Convention convened
at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. On September 17, 1787, after three
months of debate moderated by convention president George Washington, the
new U.S. constitution, which created a strong federal government with an
intricate system of checks and balances, was signed by 38 of the 41 delegates
present at the conclusion of the convention. As dictated by Article VII,
the document would not become binding until it was ratified by nine of
the 13 states. Beginning on December 7, five states--Delaware, Pennsylvania,
New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut--ratified it in quick succession.
.... The Constitution was thus narrowly ratified in Massachusetts, followed
by Maryland and South Carolina. On June 21, 1788, New Hampshire became
the ninth state to ratify the document, and it was subsequently agreed
that government under the U.S. Constitution would begin on March 4, 1789.
...
Article 1 The Congress
shall have power .... To promote the progress of science and useful arts,
by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right
to their respective writings and discoveries;" How
to help
"Observation
Of Surface Distribution Of Products By X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
During D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes",
Iwamura, Y., et alia, The 12th International Conference on Condensed
Matter Nuclear Science. 2005. Yokohama, Japan.
Technical Manuscripts and Updates
Cold
Fusion
Yoshiaki Arata (Osaka University) -
“Double-Structure” cold fusion cell
Japan Academy of Science B73, 62-7 (1997), B73,
1-6 (1997) Updated
pdf paper
George Miley et al. - "Use of Combined NAA
and SIMS Analyses for Impurity Level Isotope Detection"
Journal of Radiological and Nuclear Chemistry,
263 (3), 691-696 (2005) Updated
pdf paper
Xing Zhong Li "A Chinese View on Summary
of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science" Journal of Fusion Energy 23(3),
217-21 (2004) Updated
pdf paper
"The neglect of cold fusion is one of the biggest scandals
in the history of science."
-Sir Arthur C. Clarke
An
All-Electric Car That Accelerates Faster Than a Ferrari
- Technology Review
SAN CARLOS, Calif. (AP) -- ... Silicon Valley thinks it can do what
Detroit could not -- create a thriving business selling electric cars.
In the 1990s, General Motors and other automakers spent billions to develop
battery-powered vehicles, but they flopped because most couldn't travel
more than 100 miles before having to recharge. ... At least three Silicon
Valley startups -- Tesla Motors of San Carlos, Wrightspeed Inc. of Woodside
and battery maker Li-on Cells of Menlo Park -- are among a small cadre
of companies nationwide developing electric cars or components.
.... Tesla and Wrightspeed are using lithium-ion batteries that are
more powerful, lighter and efficient than the lead acid batteries used
in early electric cars or the nickel metal hydride batteries used in today's
hybrids.
... In Tesla's workshop about 20 miles south of San Francisco, Eberhard
and Tarpenning offered a glimpse of their first model -- a sleek two-seater
called the Roadster that resembles a Lotus Elise -- but would not allow
photographs. ... To build the Roadster, Tesla engineers designed a sophisticated
battery system with more than 8,000 lithium-ion cells and a network of
computers to control them, Eberhard said. They also built an electric motor
that is more than twice as powerful as earlier electric vehicles. The Roadster
will be able to drive about 250 miles on a single three-hour charge, drive
up to 135 miles per hour and accelerate from zero to 60 in four seconds,
Eberhard said. It will cost between $85,000 and $120,000.
''The car business had more challenges than we expected,'' Tarpenning
said. Ian Wright, who left Tesla to start Wrightspeed last year,
is aiming at the same $3 billion market for high-performance sports cars.
The New Zealand-born electrical engineer spent nine months retooling an
Ariel Atom race car to run on a lithium-ion battery -- a prototype of the
car he hopes to eventually sell for about $120,000.
... With no doors, roof or windshield, a drive in Wrightspeed's X1 feels
like a roller coaster ride and can leave passengers wind-beaten and queasy.
It accelerates from zero to 60 mph in 3 seconds, making it one of the world's
fastest production cars. Last year, Wright's X1 beat a Porsche and Ferrari
in separate races.
Strong Growth in World Energy Demand is Projected Through 2030 -
Cattle Network
"Worldwide marketed energy consumption is projected to grow by 71 percent
between 2003 and 2030 ... Petroleum consumption is still expected to grow
strongly, however, reaching 118 million barrels per day in 2030. The United
States, China, and India together account for 51 percent of the projected
growth in world oil use. Members of the Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC) are expected to increase their supply of oil
by 14.6 million barrels per day between 2003 and 2030. Higher oil prices
contribute to a substantial increase in projected non-OPEC supply, which
rises by 23.7 million barrels per day, including 8.1million barrels per
day of unconventional production, over the same period. World unconventional
production (including oil sands, bitumen, biofuels, coal-to-liquids, and
gas-to-liquids) increases by 9.7 million barrels per day between 2003 and
2030, representing 25 percent of the total world liquids supply increase.
... Rising fossil fuel prices also allow renewable energy sources to
compete more effectively in the electric power sector. Consumption of hydroelectricity
and other grid-connected renewable energy sources expands by 2.4 percent
per year.
+ Higher fossil fuel prices and concerns about security of energy supplies
are expected to improve prospects for nuclear power capacity over the projection
period, and many countries are expected to build new nuclear power plants.
World nuclear capacity is projected to rise from 361 gigawatts in 2003
to 438 gigawatts in 2030, with significant declines in capacity projected
only for Europe, where several countries have either plans or mandates
to phase out nuclear power, or where old reactors are expected to be retired
and not replaced.
..... energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are projected to
rise from 25.0 billion metric tons in 2003 to 33.7 billion metric tons
in 2015 and 43.7 billion metric tons in 2030. Much of the projected increase
in emissions is expected to occur in the non-OECD regions of the world,
accompanying large increases fossil fuel use.."
Super
Battery Victor Limjoco
As our portable devices get more high-tech, the batteries that power
them can seem to lag behind. But Joel Schindall and his team at M.I.T.
plan to make long charge times and expensive replacements a thing of the
past--by improving on technology from the past. .. But capacitors contain
energy as an electric field of charged particles created by two metal electrodes.
Capacitors charge faster and last longer than normal batteries. The problem
is that storage capacity is proportional to the surface area of the battery's
electrodes, so even today's most powerful capacitors hold 25 times less
energy than similarly sized standard chemical batteries.
The researchers solved this by covering the electrodes with millions
of tiny filaments called nanotubes. Each nanotube is 30,000 times thinner
than a human hair. Similar to how a thick, fuzzy bath towel soaks up more
water than a thin, flat bed sheet, the nanotube filaments on increase the
surface area of the electrodes and allow the capacitor to store more energy.
Schindall says this combines the strength of today's batteries with the
longevity and speed of capacitors.
Schindall thinks hybrid cars would be a particularly popular application
for these batteries, especially because current hybrid batteries are expensive
to replace. Schindall also sees the ecological benefit to these reinvented
capacitors. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, more than
3 billion industrial and household batteries were sold in the United States
in 1998. When these batteries are disposed, toxic chemicals like cadmium
can seep into the ground
COLD FUSION
UPDATE
FROM RHODES SCHOLAR DR. ROBERT BASS:
An
Afternoon to Remember: Cold Fusion Session of APS Meeting (March 16, 2006)
- Robert W. Bass
courtesy of Infinite Energy
"Everyone aware of the potential epochal importance of condensed matter
nuclear science (CMNS) should be grateful to Scott Chubb for the arduous
but thankless annual task, for the past six years, of keeping the subject
alive at meetings of the American Physical Society (APS). (This year’s
session took place in Baltimore, Maryland on March 16, from 2:30 to 5:06
p.m.) ..... the 13 presenters or groups of presenters this year included
a gratifyingly high percentage of the most stalwart contributors to this
emerging field of revolutionary science.
Atomic
Motor -
Cold
Fusion, Energy & Nanotech in a Networked World
Shining Light on Technology News & Media From One Nuclear
Engineer's Perspective
Raiders Of The Lost Dimension Los Alamos
NM - Spacemart
A team of scientists working at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's
Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos has uncovered an intriguing phenomenon
while studying magnetic waves in barium copper silicate, a 2,500-year-old
pigment known as Han purple. The researchers discovered that when they
exposed newly grown crystals of the pigment to very high magnetic fields
at very low temperatures, it entered a rarely observed state of matter.
At the threshold of that matter state--called the quantum critical point-the
waves actually lose a dimension. That is, the magnetic waves go from a
three-dimensional to a two-dimensional pattern. ... they discovered that
at high magnetic fields (above 23 Tesla) and at temperatures between 1
and 3 degrees Kelvin (or roughly minus 460 degrees Fahrenheit), the magnetic
waves in Han purple crystals "exist" in a unique state of matter called
a Bose Einstein condensate (BEC). In the BEC state, magnetic waves
propagate simultaneously in all of three directions (up-down, forward-backward
and left-right). At the quantum critical point, however, the waves stop
propagating in the up-down dimension, causing the magnetic ripples to exist
in only two dimensions, much the same way as ripples are confined to the
surface of a pond. .....
Microscopic image of Han Purple by Marcelo Jaime of MST-NHMFL
In the higher temperatures of the BEC state, the individual waves,
which are associated with magnetism from pairs of copper atoms in the Han
Purple pigment, lose their identities and condense into one giant wave
of undulating magnetism. As the temperature is lowered, this magnetic wave
becomes more sensitive to the vertical arrangement of individual copper
layers in the pigment -which are shifted relative to each other- in a phenomenon
called "geometrical frustration."
"[W]hen the Paris Exhibition closes electric light will close
with it and no more be heard of." - Erasmus Wilson
(1878) Professor at Oxford University
"This `telephone' has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered
as a practical form of communication. The device is inherently of no value
to us." - Western Union internal memo, 1878
"Radio has no future." - Lord Kelvin (1824-1907),
British mathematician and physicist, ca. 1897.
"Rail travel at high speed is not possible because passengers, unable
to breathe, would die of asphyxia." - Dr. Dionysus Lardner (1793-1859),
Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London.
It'll
Never Work!
COLD FUSION TIMES
- INFORMATION FOR SKEPTICS
"... after a few more flashes in the pan, we shall hear
very little more of Edison or his electric lamp. Every claim he makes has
been tested and proved impracticable."
[New York Times,
January 16, 1880]
"Professor Goddard
... does not know the relation of action to reaction ... he only seems
to lack the knowledge ladled out daily in our high schools"
[New York Times,
January 13, 1920]
Physicists
create great balls of fire
"Ball lightning – the mysterious slow-moving spheres of light occasionally
seen during thunderstorms – has been created in the lab. Researchers at
the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics and the Humboldt University
in Berlin have used underwater electrical discharges to generate luminous
plasma clouds resembling ball lightning that last for nearly half a second
and are up to 20 centimetres across. They hope that these artificial entities
will help them understand the bizarre phenomenon and perhaps even provide
insights into the hot plasmas needed for fusion power plants..... Most
accounts describe a hovering, glowing, ball-like object up to 40 centimetres
across, ranging in colour from red to yellow to blue and lasting for several
seconds or in rare cases even minutes. ....“It is likely that lightning
flashes and water interact to produce ball lightning,” says Fussmann. “We
therefore use a short, high-voltage discharge of 5000 volts to vaporise
some of the water in a glass tank and create the plasma ball.” The tank
contains two electrodes, one of which is insulated from the surrounding
water by a clay tube. The high voltage causes enormous currents of up to
60 amps – over 200 times those needed to cause death – to flow through
the water for a fraction of a second. These enter the clay tube, causing
the water there to evaporate and a luminous plasma ball - consisting of
ionised water molecules - to rise from the surface.
.... Despite the bright glow, the balls also appear to be rather cold,
much like neon lights. A sheet of paper placed above them is lifted but
does not catch fire.
A Sponge's Guide to Nano-Assembly Technology
Review - Kevin Bullis
One of the ongoing goals of nanotechnology is to easily and inexpensively
create high-performance materials structured at the nanoscale. And one
of the most promising strategies is to attempt to mimic nature's remarkable
ability to self-assemble complex shapes with nanoscale precision. Now researchers
at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), using clues gleaned
from marine sponges, have developed a method of synthesizing semiconducting
materials with useful structures and novel electronic properties. The first
applications could be ways to make materials for more powerful batteries
and highly efficient solar cells at a lower price. .... Daniel Morse, professor
of molecular genetics and biochemistry at UCSB, who led the project. The
method works with a wide variety of materials. So far, he says, the group
has made "30 different kinds of oxides, hydroxides, and phosphates."
Morse and his colleagues began their research by studying the methods used
by marine sponges to make intricate glass skeletons called spicules (see
illustration). One type of sponge produces a cylinder that looks as if
it were made of woven glass fibers, although it isn't woven at all, but
assembled molecule by molecule to make the structure. In particular,
the researchers studied a type of sponge that makes tiny needles of glass.
They found that the genes responsible for the glass structures encode for
enzymes that serve as both a physical template for the structure and a
catalyst for assembling molecular precursors into the desired material.
"At first the crystals form at the [surface], but with time they begin
to project down into the solution like stalactites growing down from the
roof of a cave," Morse says. "What you end up with is a nanostructured
thin film of semiconductor with very high surface area because of all the
projecting thin plates or needles that project down into the solution."
.... Although the current process works only for thin films, further understanding
of the catalysis and templating methods of sponges could one day make it
possible to fabricate complex machine parts by piecing together molecules.
(Hot)
Fusion
reactor work gets go-ahead
BBC - Seven international parties involved in an experimental nuclear
fusion reactor project have initialled a 10bn-euro (£6.8bn) agreement
on the plan. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (Iter)
will be the most expensive joint scientific project after the International
Space Station. ... The seven-party consortium, which includes the
European Union, the US, Japan, China, Russia and others, agreed last year
to build Iter in Cadarache, in the southern French region of Provence.
It will produce the first sustained fusion reactions
[Ed: after cold fusion achieved it 17 years earlier]
The EU is to foot about 50% of the cost to build the experimental reactor.
.... If all goes well with the experimental reactor, officials hope to
set up a demonstration power plant at Cadarache by 2040.
[Ed: 51 years after cold fusion was successfully
achieved, then cover-ed up!]
To use controlled fusion reactions on Earth as an energy source, it
is necessary to heat a gas to temperatures exceeding 100 million Celsius
- many times hotter than the centre of the Sun. The technical requirements
to do this, which scientists have spent decades developing, are immense;
but the rewards, if Iter can be made to work successfully, are extremely
attractive. One kilogram of fusion fuel would produce the same amount of
energy as 10,000,000kg of fossil fuel. Fusion does produce radioactive
waste but not the volumes of long-term high-level radiotoxic materials
that have so burdened nuclear fission.
[Ed: Cold fusion has NO radioactive waste, but
makes helium!]
Officials project that 10-20% of the world's energy could come from
fusion by the end of the century.
However, environmental groups have criticised the project, saying there
was no guarantee that the billions of euros would result in a commercially
viable energy source. "Investment in energy efficiency and renewables is
the only reliable way to guarantee energy security," said Silvia Hermann,
from Friends of the Earth Europe. "Giving billions of euros to a single
nuclear project that is so far from reality is ill judged and irresponsible."
The European Commission said the investment costs were justified, explaining
that the technology used in fusion reactor plants would be "inherently
safe, with no possibility of meltdown, or runaway reactions."
INFINITE
ENERGY MAGAZINE
INTEGRITY
RESEARCH INSTITUTE
NEWS AND ARCHIVES
Future
Energy Program
Newsletter
American
Antigravity
COLD FUSION papers from
India
BARC Studies In Cold Fusion,
BARC Report 1500
ELECTROLYTIC EXPERIMENTS
Cold
Fusion Experiments Using a Commercial Pd-Ni Electrolyser - Krishnan,
Iyengar et alia
Preliminary
Results of Cold Fusion Studies Using a Five Module High Current Electrolytic
Cell - . Nayar, et alia
Observation
of Cold Fusion in a Ti-SS Electrolytic Cell - Krishnan et alia
Tritium
Generation during Electrolysis Experiment - Radhakrishnan,Sundaresan,
et alia
Tritium
Analysis of Samples Obtained from Various Electrolysis Experiments at BARC
- Murthy, Iyengar, Joseph, et alia
GAS LOADING EXPERIMENTS
Autoradiography
of Deuterated Ti and Pd Targets for Spatially Resolved Detection of Tritium
Produced by Cold Fusion -Rout, Srinivasan et alia
Evidence
for Production of Tritium via Cold Fusion Reactions in Deuterium Gas Loaded
Palladium - Krishnan, et alia
"No one is going to help us.
We've got to do it ourselves.'
"United 93''
Energy
secretary says coal, oil will power U.S. for decades
Houston Chronicle - Oil and coal will continue to power
the U.S. economy for many years, even as more emphasis is put on developing
alternative sources of energy, U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman said
Saturday in Houston. "Fossil fuels will continue to dominate ...
for several decades at least," Bodman said during a commencement address
to about 350 members of the South Texas College of Law 2006 graduating
class at the George R. Brown Convention Center. .... one of the most
important sources of energy will be nuclear power, along with the means
of safely operating the plants and disposing of nuclear waste, he said.
(Secretary) Bodman has told Congress that part of the solution will
come from increased research on hydrogen, solar and biological fuels, and
fusion,
a nuclear reaction that produces no radioactive waste.
["Perhaps someone should tell him that the only form of fusion
that produces no radioactive waste is Cold Fusion." - R. van
Spaandonk]
Carbon
Fullerenes Now Have Metallic Cousins
Scientists have uncovered a class of gold atom clusters that are the
first known metallic hollow equivalents of the famous hollow carbon fullerenes
known as buckyballs.....
The fullerene is made up of a sphere of 60 carbon (C) atoms; gold (Au)
requires many fewer—16, 17 and 18 atoms, in triangular configurations more
gem-like than soccer ball. At more than 6 angstroms across, or roughly
a ten-millionth the size of a comma, they are nonetheless roomy enough
to cage a smaller atom.
Experiments at the PNNL-based W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory elicited the photoelectron spectra of clusters smaller than
Au32, which had been theorized as the gold-cage analog to C60 but ruled
out by Wang’s group in an experiment that showed it as being a compact
clump.
They instead turned their attention to clusters smaller than 20 atoms,
which earlier work by Wang’s group showed were 3-D, but larger than 13
atoms, known to be flat. The spectra and calculations showed that clusters
of 15 atoms or fewer remained flat but that all but one possible configuration
of 16, 17 and 18 atoms open in the middle. At 19 atoms, the spaces fill
in again to form a near-pyramid.
“Au-16 is beautiful and can be viewed as the smallest golden cage,”
Wang said. ....Wang and his co-workers suspect “that many different kinds
of atoms can be trapped inside” these hollow clusters, a process called
“doping.” “These doped cages may very well survive on surfaces,” suggesting
a method for influencing physical and chemical properties at smaller-than-nano
scales, “depending on the dopants.”
Wang’s group has not yet attempted to imprison a foreign atom in the
hollow Au cages, but they plan to try.
Being
invisible 'a possibility' - Reuters
May 26, 2006
"NEW materials that can change the way light and other forms of radiation
bend around an object may provide a way to make objects invisible, researchers
said. Two separate teams of researchers have come up with theories
on ways to use experimental "metamaterials" to cloak an object and hide
it from visible light, infrared light, microwaves and perhaps even sonar
probes.
"Imagine a situation where a medium guides light around a hole in it,"
physicist Ulf Leonhardt of Britain's University of St Andrews, wrote in
one of the reports, published in tomorrow's issue of the journal Science.
"The light rays end up behind the object as if they had travelled in
a straight line.
"Any object placed in the hole would be hidden from sight. The medium
would create the ultimate optical illusion: invisibility," Mr Leonhardt
wrote. .... Metamaterials are composite structures that deliberately
resemble nothing found in nature. They are engineered to have unusual
properties, such as the ability to bend light in unique ways."
. 
"It looks like as if three men walking behind are seen .... during a
demonstration of optical camouflage technology at the Tokyo University
in Tokyo Wednesday, Feb. 5, 2003. The demonstration conducted by Faculty
of Engineering Prof. Susumu Tachi ... that will eventually enable camouflaged
objects virtually transparent by wearing an optical device. This photo
was taken through a viewfinder that provides with a combined image of moving
images taken behind Obana and him wearing a luminous jacket that makes
a transparent effect."
Invisibility
cloak 'five years away' - Telegraph UK
"Scientists have taken the first steps towards creating a Harry Potter-style
cloak of invisibility.
Professor John Pendry, from Imperial College London, said that it may
not take long to develop an invisible fabric - assuming there is sufficient
research into the technology. .... The obvious military applications have
attracted support from the US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency
(Darpa), which funded the early research. Already the scientists
are a long way towards the easier goal of creating a cloak that can render
objects invisible to radar or radio waves. Both have longer wavelengths
than visible light, making them less challenging to work with. "We
are confident we can build a cloak that will work for radar within 18 months,"
said Prof Pendry, one of the authors of a research paper published today
in the journal Science.
The key to the invisibility cloak is "metamaterial" - exotic composite
material made using nanotechnology that can change the direction of electromagnetic
radiation. .... Metamaterials have already been demonstrated by Professor
David Smith, from Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, one of the
US scientists who contributed to the Science paper."
What is the response of the Dept. of Energy and the US
Patent Office to cold fusion and alternative energy?
Answer: "Look here at this neuralizer. You will remember
nothing except that there is nothing to see here. Now move along"
U.S.
'Must Start Building Nuclear Power Plants,' President Bush Tells Industry
Executives - US Newswire via
Yahoo Nuclear Energy Institute
SAN FRANCISCO- President George W. Bush said the nation "must start
building nuclear power plants" in a videotaped address to the nation's
nuclear energy industry leaders here today.. "To maintain our economic
leadership and strengthen our energy security, America must start building
nuclear power plants."
"Our economy is creating new jobs. It is also creating new demands
for energy ... By expanding our use of nuclear power, we can make our energy
supply more reliable, our environment cleaner and our nation more secure
for future generations." ...
Over the past year, 10 companies have announced plans to file license
applications with the NRC for as many as 20 new nuclear power plants.
-- Industry-average production costs of 1.7 cents per kilowatt-hour
remain the lowest among all forms of energy except for hydroelectric facilities
and represent a 33 percent decline over the past 10 years.
-- The industry produced 782 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in
2005, the second-highest ever.
NEI President and CEO Frank L. "Skip" Bowman ... said. "Success
may require innovative approaches on both sides and new ways of doing business."
DESPITE the US
Constitution, the directives of the US Congress, the
President, Secretary Bodman and
present situtation with overwhelming energy need requiring America (and
the Democracies) to invest in new technologies involving alternative energy
INCLUDING COLD FUSION, there has been, and is, nothing but obstruction,
cover-ups, and a systematic pattern of allowing
some in the DoE and USPTO to continue their nefarious disingenuous
behavior DESIGNED to rob future generations of Americans of the very technology
that was first announced in America on March 23, 1989, on the very same
day that the Exxon Valdez crashed.
(*) Despite
America's War on Terror, despite the rising cost of oil, despite Presidential
Directive, even now, the Patent Office has egregiously planned to "deep-six"
all cold fusion applications along with all applications involving room
temperature superconductivity and any application "which, if issued, would
generate unfavorable publicity for the USPTO".
Want
to help the United States of America gain energy independence?
Complete
80-page legal decision - and biography of Tom Valone's 6-year,
cold fusion, IRI and COFE-centered, arbitration battle with the systematically
corrupt (*) USPTO and others who have worked to destroy the development
of cold fusion in the United States (as they transfer the technology overseas)
From the Decision: "What there is evidence
of is "harassment, or bad faith, malice or provocation on the part of others
involved in the matter," and it came in bundles. The
activities and motives of Park and Zimmerman have been extensively recounted
and explained, and with regard to the cancellation of grievant's State
Department, Secretary's Open Forum presentation, deplorable.
The malice shown by Park in his solely economic driven campaign to block
any of the nontraditional scientists from receiving recognition by any
government agency as having an idea worthy of a slice of government R&D
funding may be a point of pride within the APS. But to an outsider
who champions free and open exploration of any scientific thought, no matter
how far out on the fringe, his conduct is outrageous. The
worth of a new idea is to be determined in the democratic and open arena
of competing thoughts, and not blocked from the arena by the greedy economic
self-interest of those already in the limelight."
"Seemingly lost on those with control
over slicing the government pie who are persuaded by the relentless drumbeat
of the Parks and Zimmermans, is that those questing for "free energy,"
whether through cold fusion or by way of some other "emerging technology,"
may be similar to the alchemists of centuries back who never turned base
metals into gold, but were the forerunners of modern chemistry, got
the Periodic Table of Elements off to a start, and among all things, discovered
how to duplicate Asian porcelain which at the time was worth more than
its weight in gold..
So too, those in pursuit of "free energy" could
well spinoff useful advances in knowledge while failing to achieve their
"holy grail." ....
"None of Mr. Godici's
(Patent Commissioner) answers was totally satisfactory, and the urge, not
well restrained, to say, if not scream: Hold it a minute! Isn't
time to go back to the earlier days of the PTO when inventors had to produce
working models of their devices? .... the PTO has the National Institute
of Standards and Technology to test and verify or reject claims of subtle,
hard to grasp accomplishments."
Constitution of the United States A History
Article
1 Section 8.
"The Congress shall
have power .... To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by
securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right
to their respective writings and discoveries;"
PRESIDENTIAL DIRECTIVE
TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, THE US PATENT OFFICE,
THE US CONGRESS AND THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
(January 31, 2006)
President Bush: "Keeping America competitive requires affordable
energy. Here we have a serious problem: America is addicted to oil,
which is often imported from unstable parts of the world."
"The best way to break this addiction is through technology. Since
2001, we have spent nearly 10 billion dollars to develop cleaner, cheaper,
more reliable alernative energy sources – and we are on the threshold of
incredible advances. So tonight, I announce the Advanced Energy Initiative
– a 22-percent increase in clean-energy research at the Department of Energy,
to push for breakthroughs in two vital areas. To change how we power
our homes and offices, we will invest more in zero-emission coal-fired
plants; revolutionary solar and wind technologies; and clean, safe nuclear
energy."
"First: I propose to double the Federal commitment to the most critical
basic research programs in the physical sciences over the next ten years.
This
funding will support the work of America’s most creative minds as they
explore promising areas such as nanotechnology, supercomputing, and alternative
energy sources."
For cold fusion, there has been systematically obstruction
by the US Patent Office (and some scientific journals) even as its technology
has progressed in every other country.
The Patent Office has defied the Constitution, the Congress and the
American people, thereby indirectly forcing Americans to remain "addicted
to oil" for almost two decades. And
there is absolutely no change in sight.
Call the President and your Senators and Congresspersons today and
DEMAND
that the US Patent Office take American inventors, cold fusion and
the US Consitution seriously.
"No
one is going to help us. We've got to do it ourselves."
Want to Help?
Demand a Congressional hearing
with examination of the backgrounds
-and the removal -
of all those in the US Patent
Office and Dept of Energy
who have conspired and systematically
attempted to stop and destroy American inventiveness and Yankee ingenuity
involving cold fusion while they have transferred these technologies overseas.
President George W. Bush E-mail Address: President@whitehouse.gov
Business Information: Fax: (202) 456-2461 White House Opinion
Line: (202) 456-1111
CAPITOL TOLL-FREE SWITCHBOARD: (888) 355-3588
(toll-free) or (202) 334-3121
Call Your Senators & Representatives TODAY - 24hr line.
Please call both of your Senators TODAY. Ask for your Senator by name
at the numbers above.
If you don't know his/her name or if the lines are busy, get
to the URL http://www.senate.gov and then click on "Senators" at the top
left to find your senators' names and their offices' direct phone numbers.
This
website lists e-mail addresses of all the staffers assigned to the various
congressmen and senators.
HOUSE MAJORITY LEADER: Congressman John Boehner, R-OH
DC (202) 225-6205 OH (513) 779-5400
SENATE MAJORITY LEADER: Sen. Bill Frist, R-TN
DC (202)224-3344
Where
the dream of harnessing the sun's power could come true
James Randerson May 24, 2006 The Guardian
There is a deafening, unearthly howl as if a jumbo jet was firing up
its engines in the Albert Hall. On the screen in the control room a ghostly
pinkish glow whips round the edges of the inside of the nuclear reactor.
At its core it is 10 times hotter than the centre of the sun. This, according
to some physicists, is the solution to the energy crisis - a future with
cheap, reliable, safe and nearly waste-free power. ...
Its advocates say nuclear fusion is the most promising long-term solution
to t
he energy crisis, offering the possibility of abundant power from cheap
fuel with no greenhouse gases and low levels of radioactive waste. But
critics say the government is gambling huge sums of money - 44% of the
UK's research and development budget for energy - on a long shot with no
guarantee of ever producing useful energy. ... One of
fusion's big advantages over fission is safety. Firstly, there is no chance
of a runaway meltdown as happened at Chernobyl. If you stop applying the
fuel or switch off the magnetic jacket that keeps the fuel in the reactor,
the reaction just stops. "It is very difficult to keep it running.
It is like keeping honey on the back of a spoon," said Mathias Brix, a
physicist at Jet. Also, the quantities of fuel involved are much smaller
than in fission reactors.
Jet (Joint European Torus) - Experimental fusion reactor built in 1983
at Culham, near Oxford. It was the first fusion reactor in the world to
use fusion fuel (in 1991).
The reaction chamber of Jet at Culham, Oxfordshire.
[ Ed: Unlike hot fusion, cold fusion
does not make everything radioactive by neutron irradiation. And
cold fusion yielded the first fusion rreactors in the world to use fusion
fuel (in 1989). Also, unlike hot fusion, cold fusion has NO radioactive
waste and has already achieved breakeven.]
The COLD FUSION TIMES agrees
with President Bush that:
"America is addicted to oil, which is often imported from
unstable parts of the world."
"To change how we power our homes and offices, we will invest more
in zero-emission coal-fired plants; revolutionary solar and wind technologies;
and clean, safe nuclear energy."
State
of The Union Address Transcript
(President)
Bush: U.S. on Verge of Energy Breakthrough - Deb Riechmann AP
MILWAUKEE (AP) - Saying the nation is on the verge of technological
breakthroughs that would "startle" most Americans, President Bush on Monday
outlined his energy proposals to help wean the country off foreign oil.
Less than half the crude oil used by refineries is produced in the United
States, while 60 percent comes from foreign nations .... "It
creates a national security issue and we're held hostage for energy by
foreign nations that may not like us," (President) Bush said.
....
"Our nation is on the threshold of new energy technology
that I think will startle the American people," (President) Bush
said. "We're on the edge of some amazing breakthroughs - breakthroughs
all aimed at enhancing our national security and our economic security
and the quality of life of the folks who live here in the United States."
Although cold fusion has, for the
time being, been stopped for proceeding normally in the United States
of America by a systematic conspiracy by some in the Department of Energy
and the US Patent Office, it has proceeded worldwide, with superb experimental
work continuing in Japan, Russia, China, France, Italy, and India.
Iran
admits it is trying to develop nuclear fusion - The
Scotsman May 30, 2006
IRAN is pressing ahead with research tests on nuclear fusion, a type
of atomic reaction which has yet to be developed for commercial power generation,
a senior Iranian official said yesterday.
Iran said in the mid-1990s it was working on nuclear fusion research
but this is the first mention in years that the work is continuing and
comes at a time of heightened tension over Iran's nuclear programme.
... "Iran has done various fusion tests for research purposes at its
Amirabad research reactor over the last few years," the official said,
referring to the reactor in central Tehran, adding that Iran was continuing
to carry out such tests. We do fusion tests for research purposes from
time to time ....
Fusion tries to generate power by joining the nuclei of atoms together,
but scientists have yet to develop a commercial way of doing this so that
it produces more energy than it consumes."
[Ed: Meanwhile, America is taking the "go slow"
approach to fusion, even as cold fusion has demonstrated over-unity energy
production which could eliminate America's "addiction" to oil. Why
the obstruction? Much more below, and in the COLD FUSION TIMES.]
British
Inventor Unveils 8000 MPG Car
Julie Farby - All Headline News Staff Writer
London, England (AHN)—A British inventor unveils the world's
most fuel-efficient vehicle, a three-wheel “TeamGreen” car capable of doing
8,000 miles to the gallon.The 45-year-old inventor, Andy Green, from the
University of Bath, built his budget eco-motor for just £2,000 ....
It has taken Mr. Green more than two years to design and build the car,
which will be the fourth eco-vehicle he has built. He holds the British
record for fuel-efficiency, with 6,603 miles to the gallon in a previous
car. .... the new vehicle is powered by a single cylinder four-stroke
engine with a capacity of just 35cc and runs with a special management
system incorporating fuel injection.
More info here:
Lone
inventor carries British hopes for world car race title
Record-breaking
laser is hot stuff - Mark Peplow
With the heat of a burning sun, a laser pulse has ripped through pure
sapphire, heating it faster than any explosion ever recorded. The experiment
was a blast, say physicists who reckon their laser can drive temperature
increases of a billion billion (10**18) degrees per second, although they
could only keep it going for a couple of hundred femtoseconds (with a femtosecond
being 10**-15 s). That tops the previous heating-rate record, they say.
The intense heating power of the laser made miniature fireballs, just thousandths
of a millimetre in size, at pressures of 10 terapascals (10**13 Pa). That's
about 20 times the pressure at the Earth's core. .... The intense crush
also raised the temperature to about half a million °C. "You have the
same parameters in an atomic explosion," says Vladimir Tikhonchuk, a theoretical
physicist from the University of Bordeaux, France. The success shows
that scientists can now simulate the intense condition at the hearts of
planets, or possibly even trigger fusion reactions, using a conventional
tabletop laser. .... Each laser pulse lasted just 200 femtoseconds, enough
time for light travelling in a vacuum to zip across the width of a human
hair. The sapphire exploded under the heat in just a few femtoseconds,
and as the ball of shredded atoms grew it became much less dense, making
further heating much less efficient. ....
Two ovoids of melted saphire with tiny holes left behind by the laser
blast.
Juodkazis S., et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. , 96, 166101 (2006).
Haines M. G., et al. Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 075003 (2006)
JT-60
Tokamak Reactor Doubles Plasma Confinement Record
Sven Olsen - May 10, 2006
"The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) just announced that its JT-60
Fusion Tokamak reactor nearly doubled the world record of tokamak plasma
from 16.5 seconds to 28.6 seconds. Nuclear physicists propose that
once tokamak reactors can achieve approximately 400 seconds of plasma,
the reactor will achieve a stable, sustainable nuclear fusion reaction.
The JT-60 tokamak is one of the largest tokamak reactors in operation
today, and was the same reactor that set the previous fusion confinement
time of 16.5 seconds. The previous world record for plasma duration
stood for two years."
Unlike hot fusion reactors, cold
fusion reactors have run for days and weeks, cleanly, without neutrons,
and without pollution or radioactive products. Yet, because of the
competition with oil and hot fusion, cold fusioneers have been attacked
for 17 years by the some in the DoE, the US Patent Office, and some hot
fusion physicists to a degree that is unknown in other competing energy
and science fields.
U.S.
energy research is declining - Conference here shows other nations
way ahead
The Capital Times - Mike Ivey
"Given the decades-long warnings about a looming world energy crisis
- punctuated by the recent spike in crude oil prices - you'd assume the
U.S. has been ramping up its research and development spending on energy.
Think again. Since 1980, energy research has fallen from 10 percent
to 2 percent of total R&D spending.
....This comes as other nations, such as France and Finland, have
made startling advances in nuclear energy and dramatic reductions in carbon
dioxide emissions - the pollution from burning oil, gasoline, coal or other
fossil fuels and the major cause of global warming.
....Consider the U.S. is spending $67 billion annually on the war
on terror vs. $3.4 billion on energy research, according to the National
Science Foundation. Private sector pharmaceutical companies are investing
10 times as much in R&D as energy firms like Exxon Mobil or Chevron.
Need more numbers?
The U.S spent $58 billion annually (inflation-adjusted) during Reagan's
run-up on defense spending from 1981-89. It spent $23 billion in 1963-72
on Kennedy's Apollo project to put a man on the moon.
"We could kick the fossil fuel habit in 10 years if we had the same
kind of visionary leadership as JFK," says David Goodstein, author of "Out
of Gas: The End of the Age of Oil."
.... Finland is even a step further ahead, Perves said, opening a pressurized
nuclear reactor in 2005 that is the most efficient plant developed to date.
Meanwhile, the U.S. nuclear industry has been on hold, with no new plants
opened since the early 1970s. Wisconsin remains under a moratorium on construction
of any new nuclear plants, a law that dates to 1984. Corradini said Wisconsin
could build a state-of-the-art nuclear power plant for about the same cost
of the proposed new coal-burning facility in Oak Creek. "It's a political
question in this country," he said. "There is no leadership." In
addition to new sources of clean energy from the sun, wind or biofuels
such as ethanol, conference attendees said there are great strides to be
made in conservation or small-scale renewable energy projects like low-temperature
solar heating."
Produce
More Domestic Energy, Now! - American Spectator - Quin Hillyer
"With higher gasoline prices a continuing political
concern, it's high time somebody placed the blame where it belongs -- and
high time that somebody recognizes that while there are few short-term
solutions that can immediately alleviate the cash crunch, it's worth realizing
that today's long-term solutions will one day make a difference in some
future year's short-term. ..... TODAY, LET'S FOCUS ON THE KEY problem of
a lack of domestic production of oil and gas. National public policy in
this regard has been horrendously negligent -- and the Alaskan refuge drilling
ban is only a small part of the problem.
The bigger problem is the overall moratorium on
all drilling off U.S. coasts except those in the central and western Gulf
of Mexico. Vast supplies of oil and natural gas lie off of Alaska, California,
Florida, Virginia, and (I'm told) probably New Jersey and the Carolinas
as well. But they lie untapped, forbidden from use by the utterly counterproductive
agitation by environmentalists and tourism boosters with overly heightened
sensitivities but too little sense (and too little knowledge)."
High
Gasoline Prices Here to Stay - Bodman(U.S. Energy Secretary) - Forbes
WASHINGTON (AFX) - High gasoline prices are here to stay for at least
the next couple of years and the government can do little in the short
term to mitigate them, US Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman said at the weekend.
'Suppliers have lost control of the market,' Bodman told NBC television,
in explaining how gasoline (petrol) prices had risen as much as 60 cents
a gallon, or at least 25 pct, in one month.
'We've got demand coming from China, from India, from the United States,'
reflecting strong economies, Bodman said.
Energy
Sec: US 'Off Oil' in 4 Years - Newsmax.com
Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman said Sunday that the U.S. was just "three
or four years" away from perfecting the process that would allow American
motorists to fuel their vehicles with ethanol instead of gasoline.
... "We will be in a position over the next three or four years . .
. where we will have designed the enzymes and we will be in a position
that we can then start the conversion."
.... Bodman estimated that by 2025, ethanol production would replace
about 20 percent of total U.S. gasoline consumption.
Transmission of EVOs Through Metal - Ken Shoulders
High-density and highly organized clusters of electronic charge, or
EVOs, are shown to transit through metal with relative ease compared to
that of single electrons. Upon reaching an interface between metal and
vacuum, the charges exit the metal somewhat disheveled as clusters and
propagate through vacuum as both free electrons and clusters.
An EVO injection velocity of a few hundred volts easily penetrates
1 millimeter of aluminum. Although contrary to established electron penetration
theory, lower injection velocities produce greater EVO mobility and lifetime
within the metal target. The configuration used provides a cold, intense
electron emission source without concern for either work function or geometry
of the cathode.
[many papers at the site; excellent experiment work]
Ex-CIA
chief: Oil key to U.S. security - Jason Cato
TRIBUNE-REVIEW
Think gas prices are bad now? Imagine another terrorist attack
-- especially one on Saudi Arabian oil refineries, former CIA Director
R. James Woolsey said Monday during a visit to Pittsburgh.
..... One way to beat that -- and hit Islamic extremists in the pocketbook
-- is for Americans to start using renewable fuel, Woolsey said. That includes
ethanol and biofuels as alternatives to gas and diesel.
[Ed. Ending the conspiracy against cold fusion by the DOE and Dept of
Commerce would also help]
In addition to alternative fuels, Woolsey also advocates fuel-efficient
vehicles and technological advances to build cars and trucks out of lighter
carbon composites -- all in an effort to use less oil.
.... Continued dependency on foreign oil could pose problems if future
Middle Eastern regimes are not as cooperative .... Short of sweeping
technological and fuel changes, lawmakers in Washington, D.C., have become
focused on more short-term answers to high gasoline prices.
.... Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, R-Tenn., has called for more
homegrown oil.
"Consumers are feeling pain at the pump, and Republicans are moving
aggressively to address their concerns," he said. "We must reduce our dependence
on foreign oil by increasing domestic exploration, improving our energy
infrastructure and continuing to encourage conservation."
Argonne's
drive: new fuels for cars
Chicago Sun-Times - Tara Burghart
It's like a giant rolling Erector Set -- for engineers who really like
to play around with automotive components.
Formally called the Mobile Automotive Technology Testbed, the bare-bones
chassis plays a vital role in Argonne National Laboratory's research into
new ways to power vehicles. One day, the engineers can test how an electric
motor performs with a gasoline-powered engine and a manual transmission.
The next day they can substitute an engine fueled by hydrogen. Soon, they
intend to place giant batteries on the testbed's rear platform to research
a plug-in hybrid vehicle that could increase fuel efficiency and reduce
emissions. ...
The building where the testbed is housed illustrates the nation's changing
priorities. The structure previously was used for research into magnets
necessary for use in nuclear reactors. ...
Although Argonne has done work on fuel cells and similar futuristic
technologies, Hillebrand says he is most excited about its potential to
play a lead role among the national labs in developing plug-in hybrids.
A standard hybrid such as the Toyota Prius uses an electric motor,
a small battery and a gasoline motor. With a plug-in hybrid, the small
battery is replaced by much bigger battery packs that can be recharged
through a standard 120-volt outlet. With such a car, a driver
could travel the first 10, 20 or even 40 miles of a trip on battery power
before the vehicle would switch to the gasoline engine, Hillebrand says.
Kramer
(100 MPG cars) come to Washington
Evworld -| Bill Moore
Felix Kramer is on a mission, one that carried him and his new plug-in
Toyota Prius hybrid to the steps of Capitol Hill. There he and representatives
of Electro Energy, which brought along their own plug-in Prius, showcased
to some of Washington's most powerful politicians .... For the auto companies
making the rounds in Washington, the message from GM and Ford was we're
doing E85, which is a relatively cheap fix of less than $200 per car and
according to Kramer, "lets them off of the hook for the next ten years."
While he favors ethanol, it alone isn't enough to seriously address America's
oil addiction when the nation consumes 140 billion gallons of gasoline
annually, while producing just under 5 billion gallons of ethanol.
"If you fuel the local miles with electricity, then you need only 40
billion gallons," he said. "That's really an achievable goal." He
went on to explain how his small, three-person team at California Cars
Initiative worked with Electro Energy, a Danbury, Connecticut firm that
has developed a technology to improve NiMH batteries for use in plug-in
hybrids ... "And so, we wanted to show a lithium ion car, the Energy CS
car that is my car, the car I drive every day, and this NiMH car from Connecticut.
It was a great combination to have those two cars there." Kramer
explained that there is a slight difference in the low-speed, electric-only
range of the two cars: Electro Energy's NiMH car will do about 20 miles,
while the Energy CS -- equipped with Valence Saphion lithium ion batteries
-- will do between 25-30 miles as long as the speed is below 35 mph, at
which point Toyota's computer control system will switch on the gasoline
engine.
Bubble-fusion
group suffer setback - Team admits a mix-up with one of their neutron detectors
Nature - Eugenie Samuel Reich
An erratum providing details of the mistake by Rusi Taleyarkhan of Purdue
University and colleagues has been published in Physical Review Letters1.
.... Taleyarkhan claimed to have deployed three independent methods of
detecting these neutrons, one of which was a boron trifluoride gas proportional
tube with a polyethylene covering. His erratum notes that this actually
turned out to be a lithium iodide crystal scintillation detector, also
with a polyethylene covering. According to the erratum, the error
was discovered "upon disassembly of the outer coverings" of the detector
and is due to "an oversight which was based on incorrect information from
a person's recollection who loaned this apparatus for the study".
(Neutron expert Mike Saltmarsh of Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee)
points out that the data from the lithium iodide detector, as it is now
known to be, are consistent with Naranjo's claim. In Taleyarkhan's experiment,
the 'boron trifluoride' detector observed high levels of gamma rays (gamma-rays)
alongside the neutrons, despite the fact that boron trifluoride detectors
are not very sensitive to gamma-rays. Taleyarkhan and his colleagues suggest
that neutrons from fusion were interacting with the detector's polyethylene
coating to produce a slew of rays. But the lithium iodide detector
is more sensitive to gamma-rays, says Saltmarsh, and the lab source posited
by Naranjo could easily have provided enough for the levels observed.
Taleyarkhan's co-author Robert Block, of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
in New York, disagrees. Block says he and Taleyarkhan still think the observed
gamma-rays are produced by fusion neutrons colliding in the polyethylene
covering, no matter what the detector.
Purdue
University scientist stands by his findings
Bubble
Fusion Research Under Scrutiny- Erico Guizzo
IEEE Spectrum
This past March, Purdue University, in West Lafayette, Ind., announced
that it was initiating a formal review of the bubble fusion research by
Taleyarkhan... Taleyarkhan told IEEE Spectrum that he was surprised
by the allegations, which he said had not been discussed with him directly,
and that he stands by his work.
... Though Taleyarkhan and his collaborators are able to provide lucid
accounts of how they believe they've achieved bubble fusion, relying on
accepted principles of nuclear physics, skepticism centers on whether their
neutrons are truly fusion's telltale neutrons
... In a commentary submitted to Physical Review Letters, Brian Naranjo,
a graduate student in Putterman's laboratory, analyzed data published in
Taleyarkhan's latest paper and concluded that the energy spectrum presented
as coming from neutrons produced in fusion is not the one expected for
that type of reaction..... Taleyarkhan's response is that Naranjo "did
not model the right experiment." The neutrons, he said, are not flying
directly to the detectors placed around the flask; they are reflecting
off different materials, such as the liquid, the glass flask, and ice packs
that surround the setup. "He did not account for those intervening materials,"
Taleyarkhan says, adding, "You have a whole rainbow of neutron energies
coming out."
Taleyarkhan's collaborator Richard T. Lahey Jr., a professor of engineering
and physics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, in Troy, N.Y., says that
a successful bubble fusion experiment depends heavily on the Pyrex glass
flask and the ceramic piezoelectric ring that is attached to it to generate
the sound waves. "I have offered to send actual design drawings so that
others can build it and use it. Some have taken me up on my offer, but
others have not." He says that Putterman was using a design "that was doomed
to failure" and that he told him so when visiting his laboratory at UCLA
last year.
.... "We had a demonstration, a live demonstration in our lab," Taleyarkhan
told Spectrum. To detect the neutrons that he says are proof of fusion,
Taleyarkhan used special plastic track detectors. These are transparent
rectangles 2 by 1.3 centimeters and about as thick as a credit card that
register the passage of neutrons that hit them; the tracks left are observable
under a microscope. Taleyarkhan placed two pieces close to the flask and
one away from it to serve as the background measurement. After several
hours of exposure, only the pieces next to the flask had a significant
number of neutron tracks. "It's actually live data. Unambiguous. You don't
have to depend on electronics and fancy equipment. You see this thing in
front of your eyes," Taleyarkhan says.
Dr. Melvin H. Miles Cold Fusion Website
Great new website devoted to cold fusion by one of
the best researchers in the field, Dr. Mel Miles, PhD
Photo gallery
Dr. Miles'
Cold Fusion Internet Links
The firing of GRABLE from a 280 mm cannon was the first time an atomic
artillery shell was fired and detonated. The Secretary of Defense, the
Secretary of the Army, and the Army Chief of Staff, along with 96 Congressional
observers, viewed the detonation from an area 11 kilometers west of ground
zero.
Video
Atom
Breaks Rules, Beats Friction Live Science
30 March 2006 Bjorn Carey
Scientists have found a molecule that can spin freely in liquid, clearing
out water like a person swinging suitcases would clear a crowded room.
The molecule spins without causing friction. That shouldn't be possible,
according to a chemical physics theory. The finding could alter the way
scientists think about chemical reactions in liquids.
Researchers hit a drop of iodine cyanide and water with pulses from
an ultraviolet laser, exciting one type of molecule to reconfigure into
a small, peanut shape with a carbon atom on one end, a nitrogen atom on
the other.
The molecule heated up to 8,000 degrees Fahrenheit (4,427 Celsius)
and started spinning at a furious 270 trillion rotations per minute.
.... Within the first quarter-turn, the molecule created a shock wave that
kicked away surrounding water molecules. The peanut molecule created a
nearly frictionless zone for itself in the 10-trillionths of a second the
reaction lasted. ....After the molecule completed about 10 rotations,
the shock dwindled and the water molecules rushed back in. Despite
its fleeting nature, the reaction managed to smash the linear response
theory, a chemistry model that states such a thing can't happen in a liquid
environment. ... The molecule's activity also runs against Newton's
third law of motion, which states that for every action there is an equal,
but opposite, reaction. In the new experiment, there water molecules are
displaced, but they don't in turn do anything to the peanut molecule.
Does
fusion scientist 'hold the secret'? -
Deseret News March 24, 2006 Elaine Jarvik
He was ballyhooed and then discredited and then
largely forgotten. But cold fusion pioneer Dr. Martin Fleischmann still
holds the secret to a cheap energy source for the world, says a California
company that plans to produce prototypes of a cold fusion-powered home
heater, with Fleischmann as "senior scientific adviser." ... Eventually,
though, "when truth and justice are done," says David Kubiak, the University
of Utah will bask in the glory of its association with cold fusion. Kubiak
is communications director of D2Fusion of Foster City, Calif., and Los
Alamos, N.M., which will be hosting Fleischmann and is setting up a lab
using his "recipe."
These days, Kubiak says, the term "cold fusion"
has generally been replaced by "solid state fusion," "low-energy nuclear
reactions" or "nuclear reactions in condensed matter." But the principles
are still the same — a fusion reaction produced at normal temperatures
using hydrogen-loving metals such as palladium or titanium.
To start with, D2Fusion plans to produce a 2,000-3,000
watt heater that would never need refueling. ...
Kubiak says scores of labs around the world are
pursuing cold-fusion techniques, some of them originally inspired by Fleischmann's
work in Utah. Fleischmann and Pons originally built their device for $100,000
in the basement of the Henry Eyring Chemistry Building. .... The
researchers now working on the technique "are not tin-pot inventors working
out of a garage," he says. "They're top-notch scientists, including a couple
of Nobel laureates." "Instead of arguing any more about the theoretical
basis of it," he says, "we're saying 'this works, this is where we should
be putting our attention.' "
"There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in
their home."
- Kenneth Olsen, president and founder of Digital Equipment Corp.,
1977.
It'll Never
Work! COLD
FUSION TIMES - INFORMATION FOR SKEPTICS
"There is not the slightest indication that [nuclear energy] will ever
be obtainable. It would mean that the atom would have to be shattered at
will."
- Albert Einstein, 1932.
"Airplanes are interesting toys but of no military value."
[Marechal Ferdinand Foch, Professor of Strategy, Ecole Superieure de
Guerre]
"Heavier-than-air
flying machines are impossible."
[Lord Kelvin, president, Royal Society, 1895]
"Airplanes are
interesting toys but of no military value."
[Marechal Ferdinand Foch, Professor of Strategy, Ecole Superieure de
Guerre]
It'll Never Work!COLD
FUSION TIMES - INFORMATION FOR SKEPTICS
Make
Way For Ethanol - How fields of corn may hold the key to the future’s fuel
source
The Guardian - Katie Westfall
The alcohol known as ethanol was used as a fuel in the early 20th century
before Prohibition criminalized alcohol production, but has recently re-entered
the limelight and is now being used as a fuel additive. It replaces the
anti-knocking agent known as MBTE, which is being phased out after it was
discovered to pollute groundwater.
Ethanol is most commonly used in a blend known as E10, which is 10
percent ethanol and 90 percent gasoline. However, with the development
of “flex-fuel” cars specifically built to handle a higher amount of the
alcohol, the ethanol industry is pushing for the use of E85, a mixture
of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline. Currently, there are about
five million of these vehicles produced or sold.
... The United States is not the first to experiment with alternative
fuels, and is, in fact, following in the wake of countries like Brazil,
which has been producing ethanol-running cars since the late 1970s. According
to an ethanol study conducted by the Solar Energy Research Institute, up
to 90 percent of new cars in Brazil run on pure ethanol produced from sugar
cane, with the remainder running on a blend of 20 percent ethanol and 80
percent gasoline.
Although research is not complete, the preliminary experiments and
computational studies have shown that, in some aspects, ethanol is better
for the environment | |
