Special Relativity

The Axiomatization of Physics - Step 1: A Derivation of the Lorentz Transformation - The fundamental equations of special relativity are derived with only high school algebra and toy universes consisting of moving rulers. [PDF]
www.everythingimportant.org/relativity/special.pdf

Commutative Hypercomplex Special Relativity - Einstein's special relativity is formulated in terms of 4-D commutative hypercomplex mathematics. The traditional results are obtained, but some additional effects are suggested.
home.comcast.net/%7ecmdaven/special.htm

Deriving Relativistic Momentum and Energy - Expressions for momentum and energy of a relativistic particle may be derived from the composition law for velocities along one spatial dimension.
lanl.arxiv.org/abs/physics/0402024

Deriving Relativistic Momentum and Energy. II. - The usual relativistic expressions for momentum and kinetic energy are generalized from the one-dimensional to the three-dimensional case.
lanl.arxiv.org/abs/physics/0504095

Einstein Light - A multimedia tutorial on Special Relativity. The introductory level takes 10 minutes, but has links to over 40 explanatory pages giving greater depth and breadth.
www.phys.unsw.edu.au/einsteinlight/

E=mc² - An article from the Wikipedia encyclopedia.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%3Dmc%C2%B2

Generalized Relativistic Velocity Addition with Spacetime Algebra - The general problem of relativistic addition of velocities – and the successive application of noncollinear Lorentz boosts – is addressed. [PDF]
arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0511/0511247.pdf

Geometric Algebra for Physicists - This is chapter 1 of a book by Chris Doran and Anthony Lasenby on geometric algebra, which is the natural mathematics of spacetime. [PDF]
assets.cambridge.org/052148/0221/sample/0521480221WS.pdf

How Do You Add Velocities in Special Relativity? - Here is the formula for adding velocities in special relativity when motion occurs in a single direction.
math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/velocity.html

How Stuff Works: Special Relativity - The major principles of special relativity (SR) are discussed in an accessible way, via 5 segments, to help you understand the lingo and theories involved.
www.howstuffworks.com/relativity.htm

Imaginary In All Directions - There is a preferred algebra of quaternions and complex numbers that is ideally suited to express the equations of special relativity and classical electrodynamics. [PDF]
arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0309061

Jim Doyle's Special Relativity Pages - A growing collection of pages on special relativity, including Special Relativity in under 15 Minutes!
www.btinternet.com/~j.doyle/SR/sr1.htm

Lorentz Contraction and Accelerated Systems - Lorentz contraction in systems undergoing constant proper acceleration is proven to be completely self-consistent in the context of special relativity. [PDF]
arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0301050

Nothing but Relativity - There are many ways to derive the Lorentz transformation without invoking Einstein's constancy of light postulate. The path preferred in this paper restates a simple, established approach. [PDF]
lanl.arxiv.org/abs/physics/0302045

On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies - Albert Einstein's first paper on relativity, translated here from Annalen der Physik vol XVII 1905 p. 891-921, is of historical interest.
www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/

One More Derivation of the Lorentz Transformation - The theory of relativity is constructed from four general group-theoretical assumptions on the structure of space-time: These are homogeneity, isotropy, group structure and a causality condition. [PDF]
o.castera.free.fr/pdf/onemorederivation.pdf

Quaternions in University-Level Physics Considering Special Relativity - The quaternions are an expansion of complex numbers and show close relations to numerous physically fundamental concepts (e.g. Pauli Matrices). [PDF]
arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0308/0308017.pdf

Relatively Simple - Special Relativity made Relatively Simple offers information and experiments about special relativity.
web.wt.net/~cbenton/relativity.htm

Relativistic Contraction - Relativists consider it a very important exercise to have students decide how to measure the length of a rapidly moving object.
www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfadd/1160/Ch27SpRl/ApLrntz.html

Relativistic Force Transformation - Formulas relating one and the same force in two inertial frames of reference are derived directly from the Lorentz transformation of space and time coordinates. [PDF]
arxiv.org/abs/physics/0507099

Relativistic Kinematics - This is how special relativity is taught by Dr. David Morin at Harvard University. 72 pages. [PDF]
isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic245778.files/ICM_chap11.pdf

Relativity Tutorial - An introduction to relativity using space-time diagrams.
www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/relatvty.htm

Sagnac Effect, Twin Paradox and Space-Time Topology - When viewed with an alternative synchronization convention, the Sagnac effect on a rotating disk is purely topological and the rim of the disk is essentially an inertial system.
arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0403111

Santa at Nearly the Speed of Light - An estimate of the speed and distances covered by Santa Claus on Christmas night. The physics is unassailable. The article is hosted on the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory website.
www.fnal.gov/pub/ferminews/santa/

Space Measurements on a Rotating Platform - The age-old puzzling problem of Lorentz contraction on a rotating platform, i.e., Ehrenfest's paradox, is explained in its proper mathematical context. [PDF]
arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0309020

Special Relativity - A unit for an online relativity textbook explaining special relativistic mathematical physics.
www.geocities.com/zcphysicsms/sr.htm

Special Relativity - A brief overview of the theory of special relativity, and how it pertains to particles at SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator)
www2.slac.stanford.edu/vvc/theory/relativity.html

Special Relativity - This is chapter two of Christoph Schiller's 1000 page walk through the whole of physics, from classical mechanics to relativity, electrodynamics, thermodynamics, quantum theory, nuclear physics and unification. 61 pages. [PDF]
www.motionmountain.net/C-2-CLSC.pdf

Special Relativity - Tutorial explains about the postulates, paradox, simulaneity, time dilation, Lorentz transformation constructions, spacetime wheel, and the Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction. Page includes some animated illustrations.
casa.colorado.edu/~ajsh/sr/sr.shtml

Special Relativity and Maxwell Equations - A self-contained summary of the theory of special relativity is given, which provides the frame for classical electrodynamics. 26 pages. [PDF]
www.csit.fsu.edu/~berg/teach/phy4241/Lectures/relativity1.pdf

Special Relativity Lecture Notes - A standard introduction to special relativity where explanations are based on pictures called spacetime diagrams.
www.phys.vt.edu/~takeuchi/relativity/notes

The Special Theory of Relativity - Self-tutorial with short essays, questions and answers.
astro.physics.sc.edu/selfpacedunits/Unit56.html

The Structure of Space-Time Transformations - This theorem by H. J. Borchers and G. C. Hegerfeldt proves that the constancy of light velocity alone implies the Lorentz group (up to dilatations).
projecteuclid.org/Dienst/UI/1.0/Summarize/euclid.cmp/1103858408

Synchronization Gauges and the Principles of Special Relativity - Synchronization functions set the mathematical clocks represented by the Lorentz transformation and resetting these clocks mathematically only produces a theory equivalent to special relativity in predicting empirical facts. 57 pages. [PDF]
arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0409105

Time Dilation - The gamma factor and time dilation can be derived using a very simple clock.
www.pa.msu.edu/courses/2000spring/PHY232/lectures/relativity/dilation.html

The Twin Paradox in a Spatially Closed and Bounded Universe - Spatially compact spacetimes break global Lorentz invariance and define absolute inertial frames of reference.
www.everythingimportant.org/relativity/general.htm

Understanding Special Relativity - Brief explanation of special relativity, using no more than high-school level mathematics; includes an account of the twin paradox, some remarks on faster-than-light travel, and some material on relativistic mechanics. By Rafi Moor.
www.rafimoor.com/english/SRE.htm

University Lectures on Special Relativity - Lecture notes on Special Relativity, prepared by J. D. Cresser, Department of Physics, Macquarie University. 44 pages. [PDF]
www.physics.mq.edu.au/~jcresser/Phys378/LectureNotes/SpecialRelativityNotes.pdf

Wikipedia: Introduction to Special Relativity - Encyclopedia article giving a brief outline of the basic concepts of special relativity (including simple formulas).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_special_relativity

Wikipedia: Special Relativity - Online encyclopedia article.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity